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Contents

Contents

1 New Features Of Red Hat Linux 5.2
1.1 Installation-Related Enhancements
1.1.1 New Installation Classes
1.1.2 Improved Installation Guide
1.1.3 Support for Multiple SCSI Adapters
1.1.4 Disk Druid Supported on All Platforms
1.2 System Administration-Related Enhancements
1.2.1 Linux 2.2 Ready
1.2.2 Traffic Shaping Support
1.2.3 Enhanced Sound Support
1.2.4 Enhanced Printer Support
1.2.5 Updated PCMCIA Support
1.3 Miscellaneous New Features
1.3.1 Window Maker Included
1.3.2 Apache 1.3 Included
1.3.3 GIMP 1.0.1 Included
2 Before You Begin
2.1 Getting Documentation
2.2 Getting the Right Red Hat Linux Components
2.2.1 Contents of the Red Hat Linux Boxed Set
2.2.1.1 Installation Guide
2.2.1.2 Alpha Installation Addendum
2.2.1.3 CDs 1 and 2
2.2.1.4 Linux Applications CD
2.2.1.5 Boot Diskette
2.2.1.6 License and Registration Information
2.2.2 Missing Something?
2.2.3 No Boxed Set? No Problem!
2.2.4 Checking for Updated Diskette Images
2.3 Things You Should Know
2.3.1 Basic Hardware Configuration
2.3.1.1 Learning About Your Hardware With Windows®
2.3.2 Video Configuration
2.3.3 Network-related Information
2.4 Installation Methods
2.4.1 PCMCIA Support During the Installation
2.4.2 Installing From a CD-ROM
2.4.2.1 How To Do It
2.4.3 Installing From an FTP Site
2.4.3.1 How To Do It
2.4.4 Installing From an NFS Server
2.4.4.1 How To Do It
2.4.5 Installing From an SMB Shared Volume
2.4.5.1 How To Do It
2.4.6 Installing From a Hard Drive
2.4.6.1 How To Do It
2.5 Need a Supplemental Diskette?
2.6 Installation Classes
2.6.1 The Workstation-Class Installation
2.6.1.1 What Does It Do?
2.6.2 The Server-Class Installation
2.6.2.1 What Does It Do?
2.6.3 The Custom-Class Installation
2.7 Disk Partitions
2.7.1 Partition Naming Scheme
2.7.2 Repartitioning Strategies
2.7.2.1 Using Unpartitioned Free Space
2.7.2.2 Using Space From An Unused Partition
2.7.2.3 Using Free Space From An Active Partition
2.7.3 Disk Partitions and Other Operating Systems
2.7.4 One Last Wrinkle: Using LILO
2.7.4.1 BIOS-Related Limitations Impacting LILO
2.7.5 How Many Partitions?
2.8 A Note About Kernel Drivers
2.9 If You Have Problems...
2.10 One Last Note
3 Starting the Installation
3.1 The Installation Program User Interface
3.1.1 Using the Keyboard to Navigate
3.1.2 A Note About Virtual Consoles
3.2 Starting the Installation Program
3.2.1 Booting the Installation Program
3.3 Beginning the Installation
3.3.1 Choosing a Language
3.3.2 Selecting a Keyboard Type
3.3.3 PCMCIA Support
3.4 Selecting an Installation Method
3.4.1 Installing From CD-ROM
3.4.2 Installing via NFS
3.4.3 Network Driver Configuration
3.4.4 Configuring TCP/IP Networking
3.4.5 NFS Server Information
3.4.6 Installing From a Hard Drive
3.4.7 Installing via FTP
3.4.8 Installing via SMB
4 Continuing the Installation
4.1 Upgrading or Installing
4.1.1 Installing
4.1.2 Upgrading
4.2 Installation Class
4.3 SCSI Support
4.4 Creating Partitions for Red Hat Linux
4.4.1 Using Disk Druid
4.4.1.1 The ``Current Disk Partitions'' Section
4.4.1.2 The ``Drive Summaries'' Section
4.4.1.3 Disk Druid's Buttons
4.4.1.4 Handy Function Keys
4.4.1.5 Adding a Partition
4.4.1.6 Deleting a Partition
4.4.1.7 Editing a Partition
4.4.1.8 Adding an NFS Mount
4.4.1.9 Starting Over
4.4.1.10 When You're Finished...
4.4.2 Using fdisk
4.4.2.1 An Overview of fdisk
4.4.2.2 Changing the Partition Table
4.4.3 Filesystem Configuration
4.4.3.1 Adding an NFS Mount
4.5 Initializing Swap Space
4.6 For FTP Installations Only...
4.7 For SMB Installations Only...
4.8 For Hard Drive Installations Only...
4.9 Formatting Partitions
4.10 Selecting and Installing Packages
4.10.1 Selecting Components
4.10.2 Selecting Individual Packages
4.10.2.1 Getting Information About A Package
4.10.3 Package Dependencies
4.10.4 Package Installation
5 Finishing the Installation
5.1 Configuring a Mouse
5.2 Configuring X Windows
5.2.1 Configuring an XFree86 Server
5.3 Configuring Networking
5.3.1 Network Configuration Dialogs
5.4 Configuring the Clock
5.5 Selecting Services for Start on Reboot
5.6 Configuring a Printer
5.6.1 Locally Attached Printers
5.6.2 Remote lpd Printers
5.6.3 LAN Manager Printers
5.6.4 Finalizing Printer Setup
5.7 Setting a Root Password
5.8 Creating a Boot Diskette
5.9 Installing LILO
5.9.1 Adding Options to the LILO Boot Command Line
5.9.2 Alternatives to LILO
5.10 Finishing Up...
6 What Do I Do Now?
6.1 Getting the Documentation That's Right For You
6.1.1 Documentation For First-Time Linux Users
6.1.2 Documentation For More Experienced Linux Users
6.1.3 Documentation For Linux Gurus
6.2 Basic System Tasks
6.2.1 Booting Your Red Hat Linux System
6.2.2 Logging In, Logging Out
6.2.2.1 Logging In
6.2.2.2 Logging Out
6.2.3 Accounts and Passwords
6.2.3.1 Accounts
6.2.3.2 Passwords
6.2.3.3 The su Command
6.2.4 Shutting Down Your Red Hat Linux System
6.3 The X Window System
6.3.1 If You Haven't Installed X
6.3.1.1 XFree86 Configuration
6.3.2 If You've Already Installed X
6.3.2.1 Starting X Manually
6.3.2.2 Starting X Automatically
6.3.2.3 Changing Your Desktop
6.3.2.4 Virtual Consoles and X
6.3.2.5 Handy X-Based Tools
6.4 Configuring Your Red Hat Linux System For Sound
6.4.1 Modular Sound Drivers
6.4.1.1 Recognized Sound Cards
6.4.2 Sound Card Configuration Tool
6.5 Mouse configuration
6.6 World Wide Web
6.6.1 World Wide Web Browsers
6.6.2 World Wide Web Server
7 Finding Documentation
7.1 On Line Help
7.1.1 Man Pages
7.1.1.1 How to Read a Man Page
7.1.2 Package Documentation
7.1.3 HOWTOs and FAQs
7.1.4 The ``locate'' Command
7.1.5 ``info'' Pages
7.2 Help from the Internet Community
7.2.1 Red Hat Mailing Lists
7.2.2 USENET Newsgroups
7.2.2.1 Red Hat-Specific Newsgroups
8 System Configuration
8.1 System Configuration With Linuxconf
8.1.1 Running Linuxconf
8.1.1.1 Tree Menu Interface
8.1.1.2 Enabling Web-Based Linuxconf Access
8.1.1.3 Adding a User Account -- Quick Reference
8.1.1.4 Adding a User Account -- General Overview
8.1.1.5 Modifying a User Account -- Quick Reference
8.1.1.6 Modifying a User Account -- General Overview
8.1.1.7 Changing a User's Password -- Quick Reference
8.1.1.8 Changing a User's Password -- General Overview
8.1.1.9 Changing the root Password -- Quick Reference
8.1.1.10 Changing the root Password -- General Overview
8.1.1.11 Disabling a User Account -- Quick Reference
8.1.1.12 Disabling a User Account -- General Overview
8.1.1.13 Enabling a User Account
8.1.1.14 Deleting a User Account -- Quick Reference
8.1.1.15 Deleting a User Account -- General Overview
8.1.2 Groups
8.1.2.1 Creating a Group -- Quick Reference
8.1.2.2 Creating a Group -- General Overview
8.1.2.3 Deleting a Group -- Quick Reference
8.1.2.4 Deleting a Group -- General Overview
8.1.2.5 Modifying Group Membership
8.1.2.6 Modifying Group Membership -- Quick Reference
8.1.2.7 Modifying Group Membership -- Quick Reference
8.1.2.8 Modifying Group Membership -- General Overview
8.1.3 CD-ROMs, Diskettes, Hard Drives and Filesystems -- the Inside Track
8.1.3.1 Reviewing Your Current Filesystem -- Quick Reference
8.1.3.2 Reviewing Your Current Filesystem -- General Overview
8.1.3.3 Adding NFS Mounts -- Quick Reference
8.1.3.4 Adding NFS Mounts -- General Overview
8.1.4 Getting Connected (Network Configuration)
8.1.4.1 Adding Modem/PPP/SLIP connections -- Quick Reference
8.1.4.2 Adding Modem/PPP/SLIP connections -- General Overview
8.1.4.3 Modifying a PPP or SLIP Configuration -- Quick Reference
8.1.4.4 Modifying a PPP or SLIP Configuration -- General Overview
8.1.4.5 Other Network Connections -- Quick Reference
8.1.4.6 Other Network Connections -- General Overview
8.1.4.7 Nameserver Specification
8.1.4.8 Date and Time
8.2 System Configuration With the Control Panel
8.2.1 Printer Configuration
8.2.2 Kernel Daemon Configuration
8.2.2.1 Changing Module Options
8.2.2.2 Changing Modules
8.2.2.3 Adding Modules
8.2.2.4 Restarting Kerneld
8.2.3 Network Configuration
8.2.3.1 Managing Names
8.2.3.2 Managing Hosts
8.2.3.3 Adding a Networking Interface
8.2.3.4 Managing Routes
8.2.4 Time and Date
9 Package Management with RPM
9.1 RPM Design Goals
9.2 Using RPM
9.2.1 Installing
9.2.1.1 Package Already Installed
9.2.1.2 Conflicting Files
9.2.1.3 Unresolved Dependency
9.2.2 Uninstalling
9.2.3 Upgrading
9.2.4 Querying
9.2.5 Verifying
9.3 Impressing Your Friends with RPM
9.4 Other RPM Resources
10 Glint
10.1 Starting glint
10.2 The Package Display
10.2.1 Context Sensitive Menus
10.2.2 Selecting Packages
10.2.3 Viewing Available Packages
10.3 Configuration
10.4 Package Manipulation
10.4.1 Querying Packages
10.4.2 Verifying Packages
10.4.3 Installing New Packages
10.4.3.1 Upgrading Packages
10.4.4 Uninstalling Packages
11 System Administration
11.1 Filesystem Structure
11.1.1 Overview of the FSSTND
11.1.1.1 The /etc Directory
11.1.1.2 The /lib Directory
11.1.1.3 The /sbin Directory
11.1.1.4 The /usr Directory
11.1.1.5 The /usr/local Directory
11.1.1.6 The /var directory
11.1.2 /usr/local in Red Hat Linux
11.2 Special Red Hat File Locations
11.3 Users, Groups and User-Private Groups
11.3.1 Standard Users
11.3.2 Standard Groups
11.3.3 User Private Groups
11.3.3.1 User Private Group Rationale
11.4 User Authentication with PAM
11.4.1 PAM Modules
11.4.2 Services
11.4.3 The Configuration Files
11.4.4 Shadow Passwords
11.4.5 More Information
11.5 Shadow Utilities
11.6 Building a Custom Kernel
11.6.1 Building a modularized kernel
11.6.2 Making an initrd image
11.6.3 Building a monolithic kernel
11.7 Sendmail
11.8 Controlling Access to Services
11.9 Anonymous FTP
11.10 NFS Configuration
11.10.1 Mounting NFS Filesystems
11.10.2 Exporting NFS Filesystems
11.11 The Boot Process, Init, and Shutdown
11.11.1 Sysconfig Information
11.11.1.1 Files in /etc/sysconfig
11.11.1.2 Files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
11.11.2 System V Init
11.11.3 Init Runlevels
11.11.4 Initscript Utilities
11.11.5 Running Programs at Boot Time
11.11.6 Shutting Down
11.12 Rescue Modes
11.12.1 Through LILO
11.12.2 Emergency Boot Diskettes
11.12.2.1 A Handy Trick
A Getting Technical Support
A.1 An Overview of Our Support Policy
A.2 Getting Support
A.2.1 Registration
A.2.1.1 Registering via the Web
A.2.1.2 Registering via Email
A.2.1.3 Registering via Fax or Snail Mail
A.2.2 Support Questions
A.2.2.1 How to Send Them
A.2.2.2 Where to Send Them
A.3 Support FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
B Making Installation Diskettes
B.1 Making a Diskette Under MS-DOS
B.2 Making a Diskette Under a Linux-like O/S
C Package List
C.1 Applications
C.1.1 Communications
C.1.2 Databases
C.1.3 Editors
C.1.4 Emulators
C.1.5 Engineering
C.1.6 Graphics
C.1.7 Mail
C.1.8 Math
C.1.9 Networking
C.1.10 News
C.1.11 Productivity
C.1.12 Publishing
C.1.13 Sound
C.2 Base
C.2.1 Kernel
C.3 Daemons
C.4 Development
C.4.1 Building
C.4.2 Debuggers
C.4.3 Languages
C.4.4 Libraries
C.4.5 System
C.4.6 Tools
C.4.7 Version Control
C.5 Documentation
C.6 Extensions
C.6.1 Japanese
C.7 Games
C.8 Libraries
C.9 Networking
C.9.1 Admin
C.9.2 Daemons
C.9.3 Development
C.9.4 News
C.9.5 Utilities
C.10 Shells
C.11 Utilities
C.11.1 Archiving
C.11.2 Console
C.11.3 File
C.11.4 Printing
C.11.5 System
C.11.6 Terminal
C.11.7 Text
C.12 X11
C.12.1 Amusements
C.12.2 Applications
C.12.3 Games
C.12.4 Libraries
C.12.5 Shells
C.12.6 Utilities
C.12.7 Window Managers
C.12.8 XFree86
C.12.9 gnome
D General Parameters and Modules
D.1 CD-ROM parameters
D.2 SCSI parameters
D.3 Ethernet parameters
D.4 Network Module Listing
E Red Hat Linux Installation Support FAQ
E.1 Introduction
E.2 Errata
E.3 Contacting Red Hat Software
E.4 General Resources List
E.5 General Questions
E.5.1 How can I get Red Hat Linux?
E.5.1.1 Question
E.5.1.2 Answer
E.5.2 How do I get new updates to Red Hat as they happen?
E.5.2.1 Question
E.5.2.2 Answer
E.5.3 Are mailing lists available for Red Hat Linux?
E.5.3.1 Question
E.5.3.2 Answer
E.5.4 Does Red Hat Linux include source code?
E.5.4.1 Question
E.5.4.2 Answer
E.5.5 What do I do if I have media (manual or CD) problems?
E.5.5.1 Question
E.5.5.2 Answer
E.6 Installation
E.6.1 How much disk space does Red Hat Linux Use?
E.6.1.1 Question
E.6.1.2 Answer
E.6.2 In what order should I install multiple operating systems?
E.6.2.1 Question
E.6.2.2 Answer
E.6.3 Are there alternate methods of installing Red Hat Linux?
E.6.3.1 Question
E.6.3.2 Answer
E.6.4 Where are the floppies?
E.6.4.1 Question
E.6.4.2 Answer
E.6.5 What is the difference between Linux and DOS disk names?
E.6.5.1 Question
E.6.5.2 Answer
E.6.6 Installation problems with IDE cdrom
E.6.6.1 Question
E.6.6.2 Answer
E.6.7 Laptop Installation Problems
E.6.7.1 Question
E.6.7.2 Answer
E.6.8 Having trouble upgrading to 5.x from earlier Linux
E.6.8.1 Question
E.6.8.2 Answer
E.6.9 Installation problems with the Adaptec 2920
E.6.9.1 Question
E.6.9.2 Answer
E.6.10 Problems with the Adaptec 274x/284x/294x cards
E.6.10.1 Question
E.6.10.2 Answer
E.6.11 Signal 11 or Signal 7 problems during install
E.6.11.1 Question
E.6.11.2 Answer
E.6.11.3 Answer
E.6.12 Is there a Live Filesystem with the Red Hat CD-ROM?
E.6.12.1 Question
E.6.12.2 Answer
E.6.13 Installing Linux and NT
E.6.13.1 Question
E.6.13.2 Answer
E.6.14 How to get around the "cylinder 1023" install problem?
E.6.14.1 Question
E.6.14.2 Answer
E.6.15 Removing LILO
E.6.15.1 Question
E.6.15.2 Answer
E.6.16 Removing Linux from your hardware
E.6.16.1 Question
E.6.16.2 Answer
E.6.17 Using Loadlin
E.6.17.1 Question
E.6.17.2 Answer
E.6.18 Post Installation Problems with booting computer
E.6.18.1 Question
E.6.18.2 Answer
E.7 Using Red Hat Linux
E.7.1 New to Linux
E.7.1.1 Question
E.7.1.2 Answer
E.7.2 Running Quake and Quake II
E.7.2.1 Question
E.7.2.2 Answer
E.7.3 Getting colors with ls
E.7.3.1 Question
E.7.3.2 Answer
E.7.4 Compiled programs dont run
E.7.4.1 Question
E.7.4.2 Answer
E.7.5 MacMillan Red Hat Linux Boxed Set Documentation
E.7.5.1 Question
E.7.5.2 Answer
E.8 X Window System
E.8.1 Missing server when using XFree86?
E.8.1.1 Question
E.8.1.2 Answer
E.8.2 Starting X only get grey screen
E.8.2.1 Question
E.8.2.2 Answer
E.8.3 Customizing the X window manager
E.8.3.1 Question
E.8.3.2 Answer
E.8.4 Alternate default window managers
E.8.4.1 Question
E.8.4.2 Answer
E.8.5 X window error 111
E.8.5.1 Question
E.8.5.2 Answer
E.8.6 X Keyboard mapping problems
E.8.6.1 Question
E.8.6.2 Answer
E.8.7 X Library problems compiling or running programs
E.8.7.1 Question
E.8.7.2 Answer
E.8.8 X and AGP video cards
E.8.8.1 Question
E.8.8.2 Answer
E.8.9 Having X start at boot up
E.8.9.1 Question
E.8.9.2 Answer
E.8.10 NeoMagic problems
E.8.10.1 Question
E.8.10.2 Answer
E.8.11 Problems with X after upgrading from RHL 4.1
E.8.11.1 Question
E.8.11.2 Answer
E.8.12 Problems with Netscape colors in X
E.8.12.1 Question
E.8.12.2 Answer
E.8.13 Problems with Accelerated X and Red Hat 5.x
E.8.13.1 Question
E.8.13.2 Answer
E.8.14 Problems with X and Microsoft Serial Mouse
E.8.14.1 Question
E.8.14.2 Answer
E.9 System Administration
E.9.1 Questions about PAM
E.9.1.1 Question
E.9.1.2 Answer
E.9.2 Questions about Secure Shell
E.9.2.1 Question
E.9.2.2 Answer
E.9.3 Problems with Linux finding all a machines RAM
E.9.3.1 Question
E.9.3.2 Answer
E.9.4 Problems with machine speed and large RAM
E.9.4.1 Question
E.9.4.2 Answer
E.9.5 Red Hat 5.X problems with old applications
E.9.5.1 Question
E.9.5.2 Answer
E.9.6 Problems with fstool
E.9.6.1 Question
E.9.6.2 Answer
E.9.7 Configuring the Jaz drive and Linux
E.9.7.1 Question
E.9.7.2 Answer
E.9.8 Problems with Parallel Port Zip drive
E.9.8.1 Question
E.9.8.2 Answer
E.9.9 Problems with IDE Zip drive
E.9.9.1 Question
E.9.9.2 Answer
E.9.10 Intel SMP
E.9.10.1 Question
E.9.10.2 Answer
E.9.11 Problems with Red Hat 5.x, older applications and time
E.9.11.1 Question
E.9.11.2 Answer
E.9.12 More problems with time
E.9.12.1 Question
E.9.12.2 Answer
E.9.13 What is on the 2nd cdrom
E.9.13.1 Question
E.9.13.2 Answer
E.9.14 Failure mounting CD-ROMS
E.9.14.1 Question
E.9.14.2 Answer
E.9.15 Booting Linux from floppy
E.9.15.1 Question
E.9.15.2 Answer
E.9.16 Linux and Plug and Play
E.9.16.1 Question
E.9.16.2 Answer
E.9.17 Problems with Sound Card
E.9.17.1 Question
E.9.17.2 Answer
E.9.18 Unknown PCI messages
E.9.18.1 Question
E.9.18.2 Answer
E.9.19 LILO and modules
E.9.19.1 Question
E.9.19.2 Answer
E.9.20 Changing LILO default boot
E.9.20.1 Question
E.9.20.2 Answer
E.9.21 Using RPM
E.9.21.1 Question
E.9.21.2 Answer
E.10 Network Administration
E.10.1 Boot hangs during sendmail
E.10.1.1 Question
E.10.1.2 Answer
E.10.2 Upgrade problems with Sendmail and 5.x
E.10.2.1 Question
E.10.2.2 Answer
E.10.3 net-pf errors
E.10.3.1 Question
E.10.3.2 Answer
E.11 Printer Administration
E.11.1 Basic Printer Configuration
E.11.1.1 Question
E.11.1.2 Answer
E.11.2 Truncated Printout
E.11.2.1 Question
E.11.2.2 Answer
E.12 Appendix (Long answers)
E.12.1 The Red Hat FTP site is slow. Are there mirrors?
E.12.2 What versions of Red Hat Linux are there?
F Information Specific to Red Hat Linux/SPARC
F.1 Supported Hardware
F.2 Installation Overview
F.3 Console Commands
F.4 Ramdisk-based Installation Criteria
F.4.1 Preparing to Use an NFS-Mounted Root
F.5 Choosing a Boot Method
F.5.1 Booting From Diskette
F.5.1.1 Diskette Boot Commands
F.5.2 Booting From CD-ROM
F.5.3 Booting From the Network
F.5.3.1 Network Boot Commands
F.6 Choosing an Installation Method
F.6.1 CD-ROM Installation
F.6.2 FTP Installation
F.6.3 NFS Installation
F.6.3.1 Hard Disk Installation
F.7 Installation Using a Serial Terminal
F.8 Installation: Selecting System Components
F.9 SILO Configuration
F.10 Partitioning
F.10.1 Swap Partitions and Red Hat Linux/SPARC
F.11 X Windows
G Glossary
H Kickstart Installations
H.1 Where to Put A Kickstart File
H.1.1 On Diskette
H.1.2 On the Network
H.2 Starting a Kickstart Installation
H.3 The Kickstart File
H.3.1 lang -- Language Setting
H.3.2 network -- Networking Configuration
H.3.3 Installation Methods
H.3.4 nfs -- The NFS Installation Method
H.3.5 cdrom -- The CD-ROM Installation Method
H.3.6 device -- Optional Hardware Information
H.3.7 keyboard -- Keyboard Type
H.3.8 Partitioning
H.3.9 zerombr -- Partition table initialization
H.3.10 clearpart -- Removing partitions based on partition type
H.3.11 part -- Partition definition
H.3.12 install and upgrade -- Install/Upgrade Selection
H.3.13 mouse -- Mouse Configuration
H.3.14 timezone -- Timezone Definition
H.3.15 xconfig -- X Window Setup
H.3.16 rootpw -- Setting the Root Password
H.3.17 lilo -- LILO Configuration
H.3.18 %packages -- Package Selection
H.3.19 %post -- Post-Installation Configuration Section

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