IPWAVE Working Group J. Jeong, Ed. Internet-Draft B. Mugabarigira Intended status: Standards Track Y. Shen Expires: 19 September 2024 Sungkyunkwan University Z. Kim Hyundai Motor 18 March 2024 Context-Aware Navigation Protocol for IP-Based Vehicular Networks draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-navigator-09 Abstract This document proposes a Context-Aware Navigation Protocol (CNP) for IP-based vehicular networks for cooperative navigation among vehicles in road networks. This CNP aims at the enhancement of driving safety through a light-weight driving information sharing method. The CNP protocol uses an IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) option to convey driving information such as a vehicle's position, speed, acceleration/deceleration, and direction, and a driver's driving action (e.g., braking and accelerating). Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on 19 September 2024. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Jeong, et al. Expires 19 September 2024 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Context-Aware Navigation Protocol March 2024 Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4. Vehicle Mobility Information Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Appendix A. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Appendix B. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Appendix C. Changes from draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-navigator-08 . . . . . . 7 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1. Introduction The enhancement of driving safety is one of objectives of cooperative driving in vehicular networks. Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) is for vehicular communications [DSRC]. IEEE has standardized a family standard suite of Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) [WAVE]. Also, IETF has standardized an IPv6 packet delivery protocol over IEEE 802.11-OCB (Outside the Context of a Basic Service Set) [RFC8691], which is a MAC protocol for vehicles in WAVE. A vehicle equipped with various sensors and a DSRC device can sense its surrounding environment including its neighboring vehicles, and share the sensed data and its mobility information (e.g., position, speed, acceleration/deceleration, and direction) with its neighboring vehicles. This information sharing allows vehicles to assess the collision risk and make their maneuvers to avoid an accident in a prompt way, for example, a Context-Aware Navigation Protocol (CNP) navigation system [CNP]. That is, the capability of sensing, computing, and communication of vehicles enables them to understand the driving environment and situation (i.e., context), and cooperate with each other during their navigation. In the CNP navigation system [CNP], a cluster head vehicle can control the maneuver of member vehicles (i.e., neighboring vehicles) of its cluster with their mobility information and a vehicle collision avoidance algorithm (i.e., Emergency Maneuver Lane Determination). Jeong, et al. Expires 19 September 2024 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Context-Aware Navigation Protocol March 2024 The driving information sharing enables context-aware navigation where each vehicle can display its neighboring vehicles, pedestrians, and obstacles in the CNP navigation system [CNP]. With the CNP navigation system, a driver can make a better decision on driving to avoid an accident, and an autonomous vehicle can control its maneuver to escape from a possible fatality in advance. For this CNP navigation system, this document proposes a light-weight data sharing protocol using a new IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) option for Vehicle Mobility Information, which is called Vehicle Mobility Information (VMI) option. This VMI option can be included by a Neighbor Advertisement (NA) message in Vehicular Neighbor Discovery (VND) [ID-Vehicular-ND]. There are two messages for vehicle collision avoidance in this CNP navigation system with the VMI option such as Cooperation Context Message (CCM) and Emergency Context Message (ECM). The CCM is a message to deliver a vehicle's motion information (e.g., position, speed, acceleration/deceleration, direction) and a driver's driving action (e.g., braking and accelerating) to its neighboring vehicles for cooperative driving. The ECM is a message to notify a vehicle's neighboring vehicles of an emergency situation (e.g., an accident and dangerous situation). The ECM has a higher priority than the CCM such that the ECM needs to be disseminated faster than the CCM in vehicular networks. 2. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 3. Terminology This document uses the terminology described in [RFC9365]. 4. Vehicle Mobility Information Option Vehicle Mobility Information (VMI) option is an IPv6 ND option to convey either a CCM or ECM. Figure 1 shows the format of the VMI option. Jeong, et al. Expires 19 September 2024 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Context-Aware Navigation Protocol March 2024 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | Message | Reserved1 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Reserved2 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | : Mobility Information : | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 1: Vehicle Mobility Information (VMI) Option Format Fields: Type 8-bit identifier of the VMI option type as assigned by the IANA: TBD Length 8-bit unsigned integer. The length of the option (including the Type and Length fields) is in units of 8 octets. The value is 3. Message 8-bit identifier of the VMI message type as CCM (0) and ECM (1). Reserved1 This field is unused. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. Reserved2 This field is unused. It MUST be initialized to zero by the sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver. Mobility Information 128-bit mobility information. It contains a vehicle's motion information (e.g., position, speed, acceleration/deceleration, direction) and a driver's driving action (e.g., braking and accelerating) for CCM. Also, it contains a vehicle's emergency information (e.g., obstacle information and accident information). A CCM in a VMI option can be included in an NA message that a vehicle transmits periodically to announce its existence and routing information to its one-hop neighboring vehicles [ID-Vehicular-ND]. Jeong, et al. Expires 19 September 2024 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Context-Aware Navigation Protocol March 2024 An ECM in a VMI option can be included in an NA message that a vehicle transmits to immediately announce an emergency situation to its one-hop neighboring vehicles [ID-Vehicular-ND]. To let the vehicles take an immediate action on an emergency situation, the ECM has a higher priority than the CCM. Thus, if a vehicle has an ECM and a CCM to send, it SHOULD transmit the ECM earlier than the CCM. 5. Security Considerations This document shares all the security issues of the IPv6 ND protocol. This document can get benefits from Secure Neighbor Discovery (SEND) [RFC3971] in order to protect exchanged messages from possible security attacks. 6. References 6.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997, . [RFC4861] Narten, T., Nordmark, E., Simpson, W., and H. Soliman, "Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 4861, September 2007, . [RFC3971] Arkko, J., "SEcure Neighbor Discovery (SEND)", RFC 3971, March 2005, . [RFC8691] Benamar, N., Haerri, J., Lee, J., and T. Ernst, "Basic Support for IPv6 Networks Operating Outside the Context of a Basic Service Set over IEEE Std 802.11", RFC 8691, December 2019, . [RFC9365] Jeong, J., "IPv6 Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (IPWAVE): Problem Statement and Use Cases", RFC 9365, March 2023, . 6.2. Informative References Jeong, et al. Expires 19 September 2024 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Context-Aware Navigation Protocol March 2024 [ID-Vehicular-ND] Jeong, J., Ed., Shen, Y., Kwon, J., and S. Cespedes, "Vehicular Neighbor Discovery for IP-Based Vehicular Networks", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-jeong- ipwave-vehicular-neighbor-discovery-17, February 2024, . [ID-IPv6-over-5G-V2X] Jeong, J., Ed., Mugabarigira, B., Shen, Y., Petrescu, A., and S. Cespedes, "Basic Support for IPv6 Networks Operating over 5G Vehicle-to-Everything Communications", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-jeong-6man-ipv6- over-5g-v2x-02, October 2023, . [DSRC] ASTM International, "Standard Specification for Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Roadside and Vehicle Systems - 5 GHz Band Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications", ASTM E2213-03(2010), October 2010. [WAVE] IEEE 1609 Working Group, "IEEE Guide for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) - Architecture", IEEE Std 1609.0-2013, March 2014. [IEEE-802.11-OCB] "Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications", IEEE Std 802.11-2016, December 2016. [CNP] Mugabarigira, B., Shen, Y., Jeong, J., Oh, T., and H. Jeong, "Context-Aware Navigation Protocol for Safe Driving in Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems", IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 24, No. 1, URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9921182, January 2023. Appendix A. Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government, Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) (No. 2023R1A2C2002990). Jeong, et al. Expires 19 September 2024 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Context-Aware Navigation Protocol March 2024 This work was supported in part by the Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea MSIT (No. 2022-0-01015, Development of Candidate Element Technology for Intelligent 6G Mobile Core Network). Appendix B. Contributors This document is made by the group effort of IPWAVE working group. Many people actively contributed to this document, such as Carlos J. Bernardos and Russ Housley. The authors sincerely appreciate their contributions. The following are co-authors of this document: Zhong Xiang - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea. Phone: +82 299 4106, Email: xz618@skku.edu Junhee Kwon - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea. Phone: +82 299 4106, Email: juun9714@skku.edu Tae (Tom) Oh - School of Information, Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, One Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623-5603, USA. Phone: +1 585 475 7642, Email: Tom.Oh@rit.edu Appendix C. Changes from draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware-navigator-08 The following changes are made from draft-jeong-ipwave-context-aware- navigator-08: * This version updates the the author list and referenced drafts. Authors' Addresses Jeong, et al. Expires 19 September 2024 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Context-Aware Navigation Protocol March 2024 Jaehoon Paul Jeong (editor) Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu Suwon Gyeonggi-Do 16419 Republic of Korea Phone: +82 31 299 4957 Email: pauljeong@skku.edu URI: http://iotlab.skku.edu/people-jaehoon-jeong.php Bien Aime Mugabarigira Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu Suwon Gyeonggi-Do 16419 Republic of Korea Phone: +82 10 5964 8794 Email: bienaime@skku.edu Yiwen Chris Shen Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University 2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu Suwon Gyeonggi-Do 16419 Republic of Korea Phone: +82 31 299 4106 Email: chrisshen@skku.edu URI: https://chrisshen.github.io Zeung Il (Ben) Kim Electric Energy Control Test Team Hyundai Motor 150 Hyundaiyeonguso-ro, Namyang-eup Hwaseong Gyeonggi-Do 18280 Republic of Korea Phone: +82-10-8805-3810 Email: ben.kim@hyundai.com Jeong, et al. 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