<html><head><meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark"></head><body><pre style="word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;">% tipa.sty: Macro definitions for TIPA
% Copyright 2002 FUKUI Rei
%
% This program may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
%   http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX 
% version 1999/12/01 or later.
%
% This program consists of all files listed in Manifest.txt.
%
% Version 1.0 1996/06/10 first LaTeX2e version
% Version 1.1 2001-2002: Encoding modified: see t3enc.def.
%
% This file is based on `tsipa.sty' for TSIPA created by
%   KOBAYASHI Hajime, FUKUI Rei and SHIRAKAWA Shun.
%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{tipa}[2002/08/08 TIPA version 1.1]
\DeclareOption{extra}{\AtEndOfPackage{\input{extraipa.sty}}}
\DeclareOption{tone}{\AtEndOfPackage{\input{tone.sty}}}
\newif\if@ipasafe \global\@ipasafefalse
\DeclareOption{safe}{\global\@ipasafetrue}
%
% Options for selecting normal text encoding.
%
%   default: the default text encoding
%            executes \usepackage[T3,\f@encoding]{fontenc}
%   T1:      T1
%            executes \usepackage[T3,T1]{fontenc}
%   noenc:   not specified.
%            `fontenc' should be explicitly specified by a user.
% 
% Changed by Rafael Labossiere &lt;rafael@icp.inpg.fr&gt; 
% on Tue Oct 20 10:10:01 CEST 1998
% \RequirePackage is used instead of \usepackage to increase
% compatibility with Latex2e  
%
% Modified to be reloadable by Dominique Unruh.
%

% The following code fixes a bug that was causing T3enc.def to be read in
% twic.  This is due to the most recent update to LaTeX (Dec. 1998)
\newif\if@loadfontenc
\@loadfontenctrue
\newcommand\@defaultenc{\f@encoding}
\DeclareOption{T1}{\renewcommand\@defaultenc{T1}}
\DeclareOption{noenc}{\@loadfontencfalse\renewcommand\@defaultenc{}}
\ProcessOptions
\ifx\empty\@defaultenc\empty\else
 \if@loadfontenc
  \RequirePackage[T3,\@defaultenc]{fontenc}
 \fi
\fi
%\newcommand\@defaultenc{\f@encoding}
%\DeclareOption{T1}{\renewcommand\@defaultenc{T1}}
%\DeclareOption{noenc}{\renewcommand\@defaultenc{}}
%\ProcessOptions
%\ifx\empty\@defaultenc\empty\else
%  \RequirePackage[T3,\@defaultenc]{fontenc}
%\fi

%
% TSIPA, TIPA logos
%
\newcommand\tsipa{\textsf{TSIPA}\@}
\newcommand\tipa{\textsf{TIPA}\@}
\newcommand\tipx{\textsf{TIPX}\@}

%
% Macros for font selection and IPA environment
%
\newcommand\textipa[1]{{\tipaencoding #1}}
\newenvironment{IPA}{\tipaencoding}{}

\let\super\textsuperscript
\newcommand\nrsuper[1]{\leavevmode
  \lower.8ex\hbox{\textsuperscript{#1}}}

%
% Default definition of text symbols (see T3enc.def for details)
%

% Symbols assigned to the area of numerals.

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbaru{T3}           % Barred U
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbari{T3}           % Barred I
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnv{T3}          % Turned V
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrevepsilon{T3}     % Reversed Epsilon
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnh{T3}          % Turned H
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturna{T3}          % Turned A
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnscripta{T3}    % Turned Script A
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textramshorns{T3}      % Ram's Horns
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbaro{T3}           % Barred O
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textreve{T3}           % Reversed E

% Symbol assigned to `@'

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textschwa{T3}          % Schwa

% Symbols assigned to the area of uppercase letters.

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscripta{T3}        % Script A
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbeta{T3}           % Beta
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctc{T3}            % Curly-tail C
% Eth is defined as \dh, not as \texteth.
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textepsilon{T3}        % Epsilon
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textphi{T3}            % Phi
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textgamma{T3}          % Gamma
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthth{T3}            % Hooktop H
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textsci{T3}            % Small Capital I
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctj{T3}            % Curly-tail J
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textinvscr{T3}         % Inverted Small Capital R
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturny{T3}          % Turned Y
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textltailm{T3}         % Left-tail M (at right)
% Eng is defined as \ng, not as \texteng.
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textopeno{T3}          % Open O
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textglotstop{T3}       % Glottal Stop
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrevglotstop{T3}    % Reversed Glottal Stop
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textfishhookr{T3}      % Fish-hook R
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textesh{T3}            % Esh
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texttheta{T3}          % Theta
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textupsilon{T3}        % Upsilon
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscriptv{T3}        % Script V
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnm{T3}          % Turned M
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textchi{T3}            % Chi
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscy{T3}            % Small Capital Y
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textyogh{T3}           % Yogh

% Symbols assigned to the area of lowercase letters.

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscriptg{T3}

% Symbol assigned to "

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textprimstress{T3}     % Vertical Stroke (Superior)

% Symbols assigned to : and ;

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlengthmark{T3}     % Length Mark
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthalflength{T3}     % Half-length Mark

% Symbol assigned to |

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textpipe{T3}           % Pipe

% Symbols assigned to 224 through 255 (octal '340 -- '377)

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscb{T3}            % Small Capital B
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtb{T3}            % Hooktop B
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtd{T3}            % Hooktop D
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrtaild{T3}         % Right-tail D
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtg{T3}            % Hooktop G
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscg{T3}            % Small Capital G
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcrh{T3}            % Crossed H
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbardotlessj{T3}    % Barred Dotless J
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtbardotlessj{T3}  % Hooktop Barred Dotless J
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textltilde{T3}         % L with Tilde
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbeltl{T3}          % Belted L
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrtaill{T3}         % Right-tail L
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnmrleg{T3}      % Turned M, Right Leg
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrtailn{T3}         % Right-tail N
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscn{T3}            % Small Capital N
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textltailn{T3}         % Left-tail N (at left)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbullseye{T3}       % Bull's Eye
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrtailr{T3}         % Right-tail R
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnr{T3}          % Turned R
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnrrtail{T3}     % Turned R, Right Tail
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscr{T3}            % Small Capital R
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrtails{T3}         % Right-tail S (at left)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrtailt{T3}         % Right-tail T
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnw{T3}          % Turned W
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrtailz{T3}         % Right-tail Z
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctz{T3}            % Curly-tail Z
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textthorn{T3}          % Thorn
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthvlig{T3}          % H-V Ligature

% Symbols assigned to 192 through 223 (octal '300 -- '337)

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textsca{T3}            % Small Capital A
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtc{T3}            % Hooktop C
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textstretchc{T3}       % Stretched C
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdyoghlig{T3}       % D-Yogh Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrhookschwa{T3}     % Right-hook Schwa
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcloseepsilon{T3}   % Closed Epsilon
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcloserevepsilon{T3}% Closed Reversed Epsilon
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrhookrevepsilon{T3}% Right-hook Reversed Epsilon
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbabygamma{T3}      % Baby Gamma
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtscg{T3}          % Hooktop Small Capital G
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texththeng{T3}         % Hooktop Heng
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textsch{T3}            % Small Capital H
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textiota{T3}           % Iota
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textObardotlessj{T3}   % Old Barred Dotless J
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtk{T3}            % Hooktop K
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscl{T3}            % Small Capital L
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlyoghlig{T3}       % L-Yogh Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcloseomega{T3}     % Closed Omega
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtp{T3}            % Hooktop P
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtq{T3}            % Hooktop Q
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlonglegr{T3}       % Long-leg R
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnlonglegr{T3}   % Turned Long-leg R
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtt{T3}            % Hooktop T
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscoelig{T3}        % Small Capital O-E Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnt{T3}          % Turned T
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textteshlig{T3}        % T-Esh Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscu{T3}            % Small Capital U
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textinvglotstop{T3}    % Inverted Glottal Stop
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbarglotstop{T3}    % Barred Glottal Stop
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbarrevglotstop{T3} % Barred Reversed Glottal Stop
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcommatailz{T3}     % Comma-tail Z
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textwynn{T3}           % Wynn

% Symbols assigned to 160 through 191 (octal '240 -- '277)

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcrb{T3}            % Crossed B
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcrd{T3}            % Crossed D
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctd{T3}            % Curly-tail D
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthtrtaild{T3}       % Hooktop right-tail D
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textsce{T3}            % Small Capital E
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textg{T3}              % Text G
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlhtlongi{T3}       % Left-hooktop Long I
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textvibyi{T3}          % Viby I
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscj{T3}            % Small Capital J
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturnk{T3}          % Turned K
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbarl{T3}           % Barred L
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlambda{T3}         % Lambda
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcrlambda{T3}       % Crossed Lambda %%ADD
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textOlyoghlig{T3}      % Old L-Yogh Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctn{T3}            % Curly-tail N
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textturncelig{T3}      % Turned C-E Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textomega{T3}          % Omega
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textscomega{T3}        % Small Capital Omega
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctesh{T3}          % Curly-tail Esh
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlhookt{T3}         % Left-hook T
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctt{T3}            % Curly-tail T
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texttslig{T3}          % T-S Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlhtlongy{T3}       % Left-hooktop Long Y %%ADD
%% Changes (2001/11/24) end

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textvibyy{T3}          % Viby Y
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctyogh{T3}         % Curly-tail Yogh
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrevyogh{T3}        % Reversed Yogh
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textsoftsign{T3}       % Soft Sign
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthardsign{T3}       % Hard Sign
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textraiseglotstop{T3}  % Raised Glottal Stop
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textlptr{T3}           % Left Pointer
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrptr{T3}           % Right Pointer
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texttoneletterstem{T3} % Tone letter stem

% Symbols assigned to 32, 35, 36, 37 (octal '040, '043, '044, '045)

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textceltpal{T3}        % Celtic Palatalization Mark
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texthooktop{T3}        % Hooktop
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrthook{T3}         % Right Hook
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textpalhook{T3}        % Palatalization Hook

% Symbols assigned to 92, 94, 95 (octal '134, '136, '137)

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrevapostrophe{T3}  % Reversed Apostrophe
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcorner{T3}         % Corner
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textopencorner{T3}     % Open Corner

% Symbols assigned to 123, 125, 126, 127 (octal '173, '175, '176, '177)

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdoublepipe{T3}     % Double Pipe
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdoublebarpipe{T3}  % Double-barred Pipe
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textrhoticity{T3}      % Rhoticity
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textsecstress{T3}      % Vertical Stroke (Inferior)

% Symbols assigned to 146 through 151 (octal '222 -- '227)

\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textvertline{T3}       % Vertical Line
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdoublevertline{T3} % Double Vertical Line
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdownstep{T3}       % Down Arrow (Downstep)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textupstep{T3}         % Up Arrow (Upstep)
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textglobrise{T3}       % Upward Diagonal Arrow
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textglobfall{T3}       % Downward Diagonal Arrow

% Default definition of accents and diacritics

\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textpolhook{T3}       % Polish Hook
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textdoublegrave{T3}   % Double Grave Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textroundcap{T3}      % Round Cap
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textvbaraccent{T3}    % Vertical Bar Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textdoublevbaraccent{T3}% Double Vertical Bar Accent

\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubgrave{T3}      % Subscript Grave Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubacute{T3}      % Subscript Acute Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubcircum{T3}     % Subscript Circumflex
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubtilde{T3}      % Subscript Tilde
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubumlaut{T3}     % Subscript Umlaut
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubring{T3}       % Subscript Ring
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubwedge{T3}      % Subscript Wedge
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubbar{T3}        % Subscript Bar
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubdot{T3}        % Subscript Dot

\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubbridge{T3}     % Subscript Bridge
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textinvsubbridge{T3}  % Inverted Subscript Bridge
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubsquare{T3}     % Subscript Square
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubrhalfring{T3}  % Subscript Right Half-ring
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsublhalfring{T3}  % Subscript Left Half-ring
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubw{T3}          % Subscript W
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textoverw{T3}         % Over-W
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textseagull{T3}       % Seagull
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textovercross{T3}     % Over-cross
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubplus{T3}       % Subscript Plus
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textraising{T3}       % Raising Sign
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textlowering{T3}      % Lowering Sign
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textadvancing{T3}     % Advancing Sign
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textretracting{T3}    % Retracting Sign

\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsubarch{T3}       % Subscript Arch
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsyllabic{T3}      % Syllabicity Mark
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textsuperimposetilde{T3}% Superimposed Tilde

\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textmidacute{T3}      % Macron-Acute Ligature
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textgravemid{T3}      % Grave-Macron Ligature
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textgravecircum{T3}   % Grave-Wedge Ligature
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textcircumacute{T3}   % Circumflex-Acute Ligature

\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textbottomtiebar{T3}  % Bottom Tie Bar
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\texttoptiebar{T3}     % Top Tie Bar

\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textgravedot{T3}      % Grave Dot Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textdotacute{T3}      % Dot Acute Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textdotbreve{T3}      % Dot Breve Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textacutemacron{T3}   % Acute Macron Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textgravemacron{T3}   % Grave Macron Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textacutewedge{T3}    % Acute Wedge Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textcircumdot{T3}     % Circnumflex Dot Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\texttildedot{T3}      % Tilde Dot Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textringmacron{T3}    % Ring Macron Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textbrevemacron{T3}   % Breve Macron Accent
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textdotbreve{T3}      % Dot Breve Accent

%
%  Added on 2002/08/05 (the following four commands)
%
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\texthighrise{T3}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textlowrise{T3}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textrisefall{T3}
\DeclareTextAccentDefault\textfallrise{T3}

%
% Symbols made up by TeX macro
%
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbarb{T3}          % Barred B
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbarc{T3}          % Barred C
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbard{T3}          % Barred D
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textbarg{T3}          % Barred G
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcrg{T3}           % Crossed G
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdoublebaresh{T3}  % Double-barred Esh
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcrtwo{T3}         % Crossed Two
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcrinvglotstop{T3} % Crossed Inv. Glottal Stop 
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdoublebarslash{T3}% Double-barred Slash
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textraisevibyi{T3}    % Raised Viby I

%
% Ligatures made by two symbols combined with an appropriate kerning
%
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdzlig{T3}       % D-Z Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textdctzlig{T3}     % D-Curly-tail Z Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textctdctzlig{T3}   % Curly-tail D-Curly-tail Z Lig.
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\texttctclig{T3}     % T-Curly-tail C Ligature
\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\textcttctclig{T3}   % Curly-tail T-Curly-tail C Lig.

%
% TIPA additional commands. These commands may be `dangerous' in that
% having very short names or overriding existing commands. For example:
% \* has been defined in plain TeX.
% \| has been defined in LaTeX's math mode for the symbol `||'
% \:, \; and \! have been defined in LaTeX's math mode for various spacing.
%
% Note that definition of these additional commands are suppressed if
% the option `safe' has been specified.
%
\if@ipasafe\else
% The following three lines added on 2002/08/06
 \let\tipamedspace\:
 \let\tipathickspace\;
 \let\tipanegthinspace\!
 \let\tipasterisktmp\*
 \let\tipapipetmp\|

 \DeclareTextCommand{\s}{T3}[1]{\tipaloweraccent[.15ex]{34}{#1}}
 \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\s}{T3}
 \DeclareTextCommand{\*}{T3}[1]{{\fontencoding{\encodingdefault}\selectfont#1}}
 \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\*}{T3}
 \DeclareTextCommand{\|}{T3}[2]{\@omniaccent{#1}{#2}}
 \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\|}{T3}

 \DeclareTextCommand{\@omniaccent}{T3}[2]{%
  \if #1[\textsubbridge{#2}\else
  \if #1]\textinvsubbridge{#2}\else
  \if #1(\textsublhalfring{#2}\else
  \if #1)\textsubrhalfring{#2}\else
  \if #1+\textsubplus{#2}\else
  \if #1'\textraising{#2}\else
  \if #1`\textlowering{#2}\else
  \if #1&lt;\textadvancing{#2}\else
  \if #1&gt;\textretracting{#2}\else
  \if #1x\textovercross{#2}\else
  \if #1w\textsubw{#2}\else
  \if #1c\textroundcap{#2}\else
  \if #1m\textseagull{#2}\else #1#2%
  \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}
 \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\@omniaccent}{T3}
 %
 % \* turned symbols (suggestted by J"org Knappen)
 %
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{k}{169}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{f}{205}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{t}{216}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{r}{244}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{w}{251}
 %
 % \* basic symbols that need some way to input easily
 %
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{j}{233}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{n}{241}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{h}{232}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{l}{236}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\*}{T3}{z}{208}
 %
 % \; makes small capital symbols.
 %
 \DeclareTextCommand{\;}{T3}[1]{#1}
 \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\;}{T3}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{E}{164}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{J}{168}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{A}{192}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{H}{203}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{L}{207}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{U}{218}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{B}{224}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{G}{229}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{N}{240}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\;}{T3}{R}{246}
 %
 % \: makes retroflexes.
 %
 \DeclareTextCommand{\:}{T3}[1]{#1}
 \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\:}{T3}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{d}{227}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{l}{237}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{n}{239}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{r}{243}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{R}{245}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{s}{249}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{t}{250}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\:}{T3}{z}{252}
 %
 % \! for implosives and clicks.
 %
 \DeclareTextCommand{\!}{T3}[1]{#1}
 \DeclareTextAccentDefault{\!}{T3}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\!}{T3}{G}{201}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\!}{T3}{b}{225}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\!}{T3}{d}{226}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\!}{T3}{g}{228}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\!}{T3}{j}{234}
 \DeclareTextComposite{\!}{T3}{o}{242}
\fi % end of \if@ipasafe\else

% Added on 2002/08/08
\newcommand{\tipasafemode}{%
 \let\:\tipamedspace
 \let\;\tipathickspace
 \let\!\tipanegthinspace
 \let\*\tipaasterisktmp
 \let\|\tipapipetmp}

% a command suggested by Christian Folini.

\newcommand{\sups}[2]{\textipa{\tipaUpperaccent[.2ex]{%
  \lower.8ex\hbox{\super{#2}}}{#1}}}

\endinput
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