9. FAQ

9.1 Pws jekinhse to Linux;

To Linux einai oysiastika mono o pyrhnas toy Leitoyrgikou systhmatos, kai jekinhse to 1990 apo enan finlando foithth ton Linus Torvalds, san omadikh peiramatikh idea ston tote kainourio 386. Ta ypoloipa ta gnwrizete...

9.2 Ti logoys exw gia na egkatasthsw to Linux;

Ean 8elete ena ajiopisto leitoyrgiko susthma, me kalh apodosh, xwris kollhmata kai plh8wra efarmogwn kai den fobaste ena kainourio periballon ergasias, tote to Linux einai gia esas. Mporeite px me ?.000drx na to agorasete se 6 CD, mazi me tis polles efarmoges toy, h na dwsete kati parapanw gia na parete mia eukolh sto sthsimo dianomh mazi me egxeiridio xrhshs.

To Linux einai ena ka8ara 32bit Leitoyrgiko Susthma, me polyepejergastikes (multitasking) dynatothtes. Sthn prajh ayto shmainei, oti mporeite na trexete polles efarmoges taytoxrona, xwris kindyno na "kremasei" o ypologisths. To Linux exei:

• kaluterh ajiopoihsh toy systhmatos apo to DOS, Win 3.x
• kalutero multitasking apo ta Windows 95,
• kaluterh apodosh apo ta Windows NT,
• polles efarmoges se sugkrish me to OS/2.

9.3 Pws mporw na ma8w ta basika gia to Linux;

Polu ektenhs analysh, ka8ws kai kala epilegmeno didaktiko yliko, sta agglika, yparxei edw: http://basiclinux.hypermart.net/basic/index.html#lessons.

9.4 Symbatothta;

Kat' arxhn to Linux diabazei ola ta fileystems twn allwn leitoyrgikwn (FAT, VFAT, FAT32, NTFS, HPFS, HFS, ISO9660, Rock-Ridge, Joliet, UFS klp).

• To DOSEMU 8a sas epitrecei na trejete efarmoges toy DOS poy trexoyn se eikonikes mhxanes ypo ton elegxo toy pyrhna (vm86). Doyleuei polu ajiopista kai diati8etai dwrean opws to Linux.
• To WABI 8a sas epitrecei na trejete 16bit efarmoges twn WIN3.11, alla stoixizei 199$
• To WINE kanei thn idia doyleia dwrean, alla oxi toso kala. Teleytaia (1999) deixnei sobara shmadia wrimanshs.
• To Executor mporei na trejei efarmoges gia Macintosh.

9.5 Ti SOFTWARE yposthrizetai;

Praktika ta panta, arkei na milame gia anoikta kai diadedomena protypa kai prwtokolla: sxedon pote den eiste o prwtos poy exei ena sygkekrimeno problhma kai kapoios allos to exei lusei gia esas.

To metalab einai to kat' ejoxhn shmeio gia na brei kaneis programmata gurw apo to antikeimeno poy ton endiaferei, deite http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/

To Linux Software Map (LSM) exei olo to yparxon logismiko. Mporeite na kanete kai anazhthsh me lejeis kleidia. http://www.boutell.com/lsm/

Epishs polu dhmofileis einai kai oi selides toy Bill Latura: http://www.xnet.com/~blatura/linapps.shtml

9.6 Ti einai to compile toy pyrhna;

Sto Linux ton pyrhna mporei kaneis na ton ftiajei o idios, me mia diadikasia poy legetai compile. An kai einai dynaton na doylecei kapoios me enan etoimo, einai kalh idea na ftiajei enan pyrhna prosarmosmeno sto susthma toy, idiaitera ean 8elei ejeidikeymenes dynatothtes. H diadikasia synistatai idiaitera se aytous poy 8eloyn na mplejoyn me ta endotera toy leitoyrgikou systhmatos.

Oi entoles poy xreiazontai gia ena typiko compile einai (ta # einai sxolia):

cd /usr/src/linux
make config      # h make menuconfig h make xconfig, exei kai help.
make dep
make clean
make zImage  # meta apo ayto, yparxei o pyrhnas sto /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/zImage
make modules # Ta modules ftiaxnontai prin arxisei h diadikasia egkatastashs
make modules_install # Egkatastash twn modules sto /lib
make install # prosoxh na yparxoyn oi swstes ry8miseis sto /etc/lilo.conf

9.7 Ti einai ayto to SIG11;

To SIG11 einai oysiastika ena sfalma prostasias (Protection Fault). Einai arketa pi8ano na symbei thn wra poy ftiaxnoyme pyrhna kai h aitia einai oti to susthma ekeinh thn wra zorizetai - DIABASTE: Polla SIG11 shmainoyn kako yliko h problhmata symbatothtas me thn mnhmh,ton epejergasth, thn mhtrikh. Gia perissoteres plhrofories, deite: http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/

9.8 Yparxoyn alla eleu8era Unix;

Sto xwro toy Unix exoyme ta ejhs eleu8erhs xrhshs leitoyrgika:

• Linux
• GNU Hurd
• FreeBSD
• NetBSD
• OpenBSD

9.9 Basikh orologia

i18n

I{-- 18 letters --}n = Internationalization

e13n

Europeanization

l10n

Localization

ANSI

American National Standards Institute, the US member of ISO

ASCII

American Standard Code of Information Interchange

CP

Code Page

CP850

Code Page 850, the most widely used MS DOS code page

CR

Carriage Return

CTAN server

Comprehensive TeX Archive Network, the world's largest repository for TeX related material. It consists of three sites mirrowing each other: ftp.shsu.edu, ftp.tex.ac.uk, ftp.dante.de. The current configuration, including known mirrows, can be obtained by fingering ctan_us@ftp.shsu.edu

DEC

Digital Equipment Corp.

DIN

Deutsche Industrie Norm (German Industry Norm)

DOS

Disk Operating System

EBCDIC

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code ---a proprietary IBM character set used on mainframes

ECMA

European Computer Manufacturer's Association

emacs

Editing Macros, a family of popular text editors

Esperanto

A synthetic, universal language developed by Dr. Zamenhof in 1887.

FSF

Free Software Foundation

FTP

File Transmission Protocol

GNU

GNU's not Unix, an FSF project

GPL

General Public License

IBM

International Business Machines Corp.

IP

Internet Protocol

ISO

International Standards Organization

KOI8

???---a popular encoding for Cyrillic on UNIX workstations

LaTeX

A macro package for TeX

MCS

DEC's Multilingual Character Set---the ISO 8859--1 draft standard

MIME

Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Extension

OS

Operating System

POSIX

Portable Operating System Interface (an IEEE UNIX standard)

PS

PostScript, Adobe's printer language

RFC

Request for Comment, an Internet standard

sed

stream editor, a UNIX file manipulation utility

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TeX

Donald Knuth's typesetting program

URL

a WWW Uniform Resource Locator

US-ASCII

the US national variant of ISO 646, see ASCII

VMS

Virtual Memory System---DEC's proprietary OS

WWW

World Wide Web

X11

X Window System