Prin to Noembrio toy 1997, to logismiko gia Linux den yposthrize ATAPI cd-writers. San apotelesma, h trexoysa ekdosh aytou toy HOWTO epikentrwnetai sthn antimetwpish twn syskeywn SCSI.
Ta kala nea einai, pws h antimetwpish twn syskeywn ATAPI einai polu eykoloterh kai mporeite akoma na xrhsimopoieite ayto to HOWTO an jexasete tis "Syskeyes SCSI genikou tupoy".
Gia na breite pws apey8uneste se syskeyes ATAPI mporeite na dwsete thn entolh
cdrecord -scanbus.
Mellontikes ekdoseis aytou toy HOWTO 8a periexoyn perissoteres leptomereies gia antimetwpish twn ATAPI cd-writers.
Katebaste ton H/Y sas, kleiste ton kai kremaste to CD writer sto diaylo SCSI. Bebaiw8eite pws o diaylos SCSI einai termatismenos (terminated) katallhla kai dialejte mia eleu8erh taytothta 8eshs SCSI (SCSI-ID) gia ton eggrafea. Koitajte to Linux SCSI-HOWTO an den eisaste sigoyroi. An den exete apolutws kamia idea gia ayta, rwthste enan eidiko.
Trofodothste jana me reuma kai elegjte ta mhnumata poy to BIOS toy elegkth (controller) SCSI typwnei amesws meta to anoigma toy reumatos.
An den anagnwrisei to writer sas, phgainete pali pisw sto bhma (b). 8a prepei na deite ena mhnyma san
[leipei h eikona ; exei kaneis kapoio stigmiotypo o8onhs (screenshot) apo ayto;]
Se anti8esh me kapoies fhmes, o pyrhnas toy Linux-kernel _den_ apaitei dior8wsh (patch)
gia na gracei se CDs. Parolo poy to arxeio drivers/scsi/scsi.c apo ton kwdika toy
pyrhna periexei tis grammes
case TYPE_WORM:
case TYPE_ROM:
SDpnt->writeable = 0;
Ayto shmainei mono pws ta CDs kai ta WORMs den einai eggracima
mesw twn klassikwn syskeywn (devices) /dev/sda-/dev/sdh -
pragma to opoio einai entajei.
Anti na xrhsimopoihsete aytes tis syskeyes gia eggrafh twn CDs ginetai mesw twn apokaloumenwn Syskeywn SCSI genikou tupoy poy epitrepoyn sxedon ta panta - akoma kai thn eggrafh se CDs.
The Linux SCSI-HOWTO says about generic SCSI-devices:
O odhgos Genikwn syskeywn SCSI parexei ena interface gia apostolh entolwn SCSI pros oles tis syskeyes SCSI - diskoys, tainies, CDROMs, mhxanikes syskeyes allaghs meswn (media changer robots), klp.
Milwntas gia tis genikes syskeyes (devices) san interfaces shmainei pws parexoyn enan enallaktiko tropo prospelashs sto SCSI yliko, anti mesw twn koinwn devices.
O enallaktikos tropos apaiteitai giati ta koina devices sxediasthkan gia na diabazoyn dedomena kata kommatia (block-wise) apo ena disko, tainia h cd-rom Se sugkrish me ayto, to na odhgeis ena cd-writer (h ena sarwth (scanner)) einai pio ejwtiko, p.x. prepei na do8oun entoles gia topo8ethsh toy laser . An exeis mia ka8arh (kai gi' ayto grhgorh) ylopoihsh twn koinwn syskeywn (devices), oles aytes oi ejwtikes energeies prepei na ginoyn mesw twn genikwn syskeywn SCSI.
Mia poy ola mporoun na ginoyn sto SCSI yliko mesw twn genikwn syskeywn, den exoyn ftiaxtei gia ena sygkekrimeno skopo - gi' ayto kai to onoma genikes (generic).
Phgainete sto /dev-directory kai tsekarete gia genikes syskeyes SCSI.
H entolh ls 8a prepei na deijei sga-sgh:
bash> cd /dev
bash> ls -l sg*
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 0 Jan 1 1970 sga
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 1 Jan 1 1970 sgb
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 2 Jan 1 1970 sgc
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 3 Jan 1 1970 sgd
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 4 Jan 1 1970 sge
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 5 Jan 1 1970 sgf
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 6 Jan 1 1970 sgg
crw------- 1 root sys 21, 7 Jan 1 1970 sgh
An den exete tetoia arxeia-syskeywn, dhmioyrghste ta xrhsimopoiwntas to
/dev/MAKEDEV-script:
bash> cd /dev/
bash> ./MAKEDEV sg
O pyrhnas toy Linux xreiazetai ena module poy toy parexei thn dynatothta na antimetwpizei
SCSI syskeyes. An o trexwn pyrhnas yposthrizei ayto to xarakthristiko, 8a prepei na
emfanizetai sto ceydo-arxeio /proc/devices:
bash> cat /proc/devices
Character devices:
1 mem
2 pty
3 ttyp
4 ttyp
5 cua
7 vcs
21 sg <----- stands for "SCSI Generic device"
30 socksys
Block devices:
2 fd
7 loop <----- we even can use the loop-devices
8 sd
11 sr <----- stands for "SCSI cd-Rom"
Isws prepei na dwsete tis entoles insmod sg, insmod
loop h insmod sr_mod gia na fortwsete ta modules ston pyrhna.
Elegjte jana afou to dokimasete.
An kapoio apo ayta den petuxei, prepei na janary8misete ton pyrhna sas
kai na ton janametaglwttisete (re-compile).
bash> cd /usr/src/linux
bash> make config
[..]
*
* Additional Block Devices
*
Loopback device support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_LOOP) [M/n/y/?] M
[..]
*
* SCSI support
*
SCSI support (CONFIG_SCSI) [Y/m/n/?] Y
*
* SCSI support type (disk, tape, CD-ROM)
*
SCSI disk support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD) [Y/m/n/?] Y
SCSI tape support (CONFIG_CHR_DEV_ST) [M/n/y/?] M
SCSI CD-ROM support (CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SR) [M/n/y/?] M
SCSI generic support (CONFIG_CHR_DEV_SG) [M/n/y/?] M
[..]
ISO9660 cdrom filesystem (CONFIG_ISO9660_FS) [Y/m/n/?] M
Shmeiwste pws pareleica tis oxi polu shmantikes erwthseis.
Ean exete erwthseis sxetika me ayto, to Linux Kernel-HOWTO einai to proteinomeno diabasma sas. Epipleon, h dianomh Linux sas, 8a prepei na erxetai me kapoia tekmhriwsh gia ayto to 8ema.
[Ypodeijh: otan kanete jana compile, mporeite na synexisete me ta bhmata 2.7-2.9]
Mhn panikoblh8eite ean o pyrhnas toy Linux typwsei ta mhnumata grhgorotera apo oso mporeite
na diabasete, toylaxiston h arxikopoihsh twn syskeywn SCSI mporei na epanemfanistei
me thn entolh dmesg:
scsi0 : NCR53c{7,8}xx (rel 17)
scsi : 1 host.
scsi0 : target 0 accepting period 100ns offset 8 10.00MHz
scsi0 : setting target 0 to period 100ns offset 8 10.00MHz
Vendor: FUJITSU Model: M1606S-512 Rev: 6226
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI
Detected scsi disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0
Vendor: NEC Model: CD-ROM DRIVE:84 Rev: 1.0a
Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI
Detected scsi CD-ROM sr0 at scsi0, channel 0, id 4, lun 0
scsi : detected 1 SCSI disk total.
SCSI device sda: hdwr sector= 512 bytes. Sectors= 2131992
Parapanw fainetai mono to kommati ekeino twn mhnymatwn arxikopoihshs poy anaferoyn ton entopismo ths fysikhs paroysias mias syskeyhs SCSI.
Phgainete sto directory /dev kai koitajte gia syskeyes loopback.
Den einai krisimo, to na mhn exete tetoies syskeyes, alla einai boliko an yparxoyn
(deite to 3.5). An hdh tis exete, h entolh ls 8a prepei na deijei
loop0-loop7:
bash> cd /dev
bash> ls -l loop*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 0 Sep 23 17:15 loop0
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 1 Sep 23 17:15 loop1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 2 Sep 23 17:15 loop2
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 3 Sep 23 17:15 loop3
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 4 Sep 23 17:15 loop4
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 5 Sep 23 17:15 loop5
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 6 Sep 23 17:15 loop6
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 7, 7 Sep 23 17:15 loop7
An den exete ayta ta arxeia syskeywn, dhmioyrghste ta xrhsimopoiwntas to script
/dev/MAKEDEV:
bash> cd /dev/
bash> ./MAKEDEV loop
H teleytaia entolh epitygxanei mono an exete to loop-module ston pyrhna sas
(des to 2.4 gia th xrhsh twn modules). An h insmod loop den boh8hsei,
8a prepei na perimenete mexri o kainourgios pyrhnas na egkatasta8ei kanonika (des to 2.5).
Ta akoloy8a paketa apaitountai gia thn paragwgh prwtotupwn gia CD-Rs:
ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/mkisofs/ (mkisofs)ftp://ftp.ge.ucl.ac.uk/pub/mkhfs (mkhybrid)
Analoga me to montelo toy cd-writer sas (des 1.3), apaiteitai ena apo ta akoloy8a logismika gia eggrafh twn prwtotupwn se CD-Rs:
ftp://ftp.fokus.gmd.de/pub/unix/cdrecord/ (cdrecord)ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/utils/disk-management/ (cdwrite)
Xrhsimopoihste to kontinotero mirror apo aytous toys ftp-Servers h parte ta apo CD.
Na eisaste apolutws sigoyros pws exete thn ekdosh 2.0 toy cdwrite, h newterh ths.
Kamia palaioterh bhta ekdosh den 8a doylecei kanonika! Mhn empisteueste thn selida-boh8eias
(man-page) toy (paliou) mkisofs poy dhlwnei pws xreiazeste thn ekdosh
1.5 toy cdwrite.
Gia plhrofories gia metafores toy logismikou (ports) toy cdwrite se Irix kai AIX episkef8eite to URL :
http://lidar.ssec.wisc.edu/~forrest/
Ean xrhsimopoieite pyrhna prin thn ekdosh 2.0.31, mporei na 8elete na dior8wsete
to mkisofs gia na jeperasete ena bug ston kwdika toy systhmatos arxeiwn toy Linux.
H dianomh ths Debian perilambanei ena dior8wtiko (patch) gia thn ekdosh 1.05 toy mkisofs
(gia 1.11 8a prepei na doyleuei, epishs) poy toy pros8etei thn epilogh '-K'
(des to 3.4). Einai dia8esimo apo to
ftp://ftp.debian.org/pub/debian/bo/source/otherosfs/mkisofs_1.11-1.diff.gz
H dior8wsh ayth einai anagkaia mono ean 8elete na prosarthsete to CD-image mesw ths syskeyhs loopback (deite to 3.5.).
To X-CD-Roast einai ena programma eggrafhs CD basizomeno apokleistika sta X,
kai einai o apogonos twn cdwtools-0.93. Einai dia8esimo sto
http://www.fh-muenchen.de/home/ze/rz/services/projects/xcdroast/e_overview.html
Pros to parwn to X-CD-Roast basizetai se mia dior8wmenh ekdosh toy cdwrite-2.0 kai gi' ayto erxetai me akribws ta idia xarakthristika (deite to 1.4). Oi mellontikes toy ekdoseis mporei na basizontai sto enallaktiko logismiko cdrecord.