Ellhniko Oracle Database HOWTO Paul Haigh, paul@nailed.demon.co.uk v1.0, 10 Martioy 1998 Enas odhgos gia thn egkatastash kai ru8mish toy Oracle Database Server se ena susthma Linux ______________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents 1. Eisagwgh 1.1 Istoria Ana8ewrhsewn 1.2 Pneymatika Dikaiwmata 1.3 Disclaimer 1.4 Skopos aytou toy HOWTO 1.5 Apaithseis 1.6 Mellontikes Beltiwseis 2. Egkatastash toy logismikou ths Oracle 2.1 Proetoimasia toy Server 2.1.1 Dhmioyrgia enos xrhsth Oracle 2.2 Egkatastash apo CDROM 2.3 Ergasies meta thn Egkatastash 2.3.1 Ergasies gia ton Root 2.3.2 Ergasies gia ton Oracle 2.3.3 Pragmata poy mporeite na apomakrunete: 3. Dhmioyrgia mias Bashs Dedomenwn 3.1 Dhmioyrgia toy Arxeioy Arxikopoihshs 3.2 Dhmioyrghste to Script Egkatastashs Bashs Dedomenwn 3.3 Ektelesh toy Script Egkatastashs Bashs Dedomenwn 3.4 Ekkinhsh ths Bashs Dedomenwn 3.5 Stamatwntas thn Bash Dedomenwn 3.6 Dhmioyrgia enos Proka8orismenoy Xrhsth (Default User) 4. Ry8miste to SQL*Net toy Server 4.1 (TT 4.2 (TT 4.3 (TT 4.4 Ekkinhsh kai Termatismos twn Listeners 5. Ry8miseis Pelath (Client) 5.1 Pelates Windows 5.2 Pelates Unix 6. Aytomato Anebasma (Startup) kai Katebasma (Shutdown) 6.1 (TT 6.2 (TT 7. Alla pragmatakia 7.1 Intelligent Agent 8. Eyxaristies / Anagnwriseis 9. Peri ths Ellhnikhs Metafrashs ______________________________________________________________________ 1. Eisagwgh 1.1. Istoria Ana8ewrhsewn · v0.1 - 21 Febroyarioy 1998 - Paul Haigh - Arxikh Ekdosh · v0.2 - 01 Martioy 1998 - Paul Haigh - Proste8hkan sxolia gia ta Proofreaders · v1.0 - 10 Martioy 1998 - Paul Haigh - Dhmosieysh toy sto LDP 1.2. Pneymatika Dikaiwmata Oracle Database HOWTO copyright (c) 1998, Paul Haigh. Opws ola ta keimena Linux HOWTO, mporei na epanaparax8ei kai dianemh8ei oloklhro h meros toy, se ka8e meso, fysiko h hlektroniko, oso ayth h shmeiwsh peri pneymatikhs idiokthsias diathreitai se ola ta antigrafa. H emporikh anadianomh epitrepetai kai en8arrunetai. Parola ayta, o syggrafeas 8a h8ele na eidopoih8ei gia tetoies dianomes. Mporeite na metafrasete ayto to HOWTO se ka8e glwssa, me thn proupo8esh pws afhnete ayth th dhlwsh peri pneymatikhs idiokthsias akeraih kai pws 8a pros8esete mia shmeiwsh poy na dhlwnei ton metafrasth toy keimenoy. 1.3. Disclaimer Enw prospa8hsa na symperilabw thn pio swsth kai prosfath plhroforia poy htan dia8esimh se mena, den mporw na eggyh8w pws h xrhsh twn plhroforiwn aytou toy keimenoy, den 8a katalhjei se apwleia dedomenwn h ejoplismou. DEN PAREXW KAMIA EGGYHSH gia tis plhrofories toy HOWTO kai den mporw na 8ewrh8w nomika ypeu8ynos gia o,ti synepeies aporreoyn apo thn xrhsh twn plhroforias se ayto to HOWTO. 1.4. Skopos aytou toy HOWTO Se ayto to HOWTO 8a epixeirhsw na kalucw ta 8emata ths egkatastashs kai ths basikhs diaxeirishs mias Bashs Dedomenwn Oracle poy trexei se mia mhxanh Linux. Sygkekrimena, 8a kalucw thn egkatastash toy Oracle server, th ru8mish toy SQL*Net kai toy client. Ayto to keimeno den apotelei ena eis ba8os egxeiridio ths xrhshs kai diaxeirishs mias B.D. Oracle, kai an ayto caxnete yparxoyn yperoxa biblia gia ayta ta 8emata poy exoyn ekdo8ei apo thn O'Reilly kai alloys. Den prokeitai na kalucw thn anaptyjh programmatwn se Oracle katw apo UNIX. An ayto einai apolutws anagkaio gia esas, 8a sas proteina na agorasete to SCO Developement System ths SCO (me ton OpenServer 5.x), poy moy eipan pws mporei na apokth8ei sthn polu logikh timh twn US $19, apo thn www.sco.com. 1.5. Apaithseis Ypo8etw pws exete kapoia stoixeia poy 8a xreiasteite gia na akoloy8hsete ayto to HOWTO. · Oracle Server CD gia ton SCO Openserver (Version 7.3.3.0.0.) Prepei na einai mia nomimh kopia. Na 8ymaste pws h Oracle einai mia kerdoskopikh epixeirhsh kai xrewnei gia ta proionta ths. An 8elete mia dwrean SQL symbath bash dedomenwn xrhsimopoihste thn PostgresSQL h kapoia paromoia. Einai epishs dynaton na egkatasthsete thn oracle, xrhsimopoiwntas mia adeia dokimastikhs xrhshs / ajiologhshs 60 hmerwn, apo arxeio poy mporeite na katebasete apo to tar web site ths Oracle. Proswpika den to exw dokimasei kai einai plhrws anepikurwto. · Ena Linux Server Den 8a to diabazate ayto, ean den eixate. Swsta; · Pyrhna 2.0.30+ Den mporw na eggyh8w pws aytes oi odhgies 8a einai akribeis gia opoiondhpote allo pyrhna. (oxi oti eggywmai kai gia ton 2.0.30 ...). · iBCS Einai polu shmantiko na to exete egkatasthsei kai na doyleuete me thn teleytaia dynath ekdosh toy gia thn platforma sas. (Xrhsimopoiw to iBCS-2.0-10.i386.rpm gia Redhat Linux). · Megalo xwro sto disko 600 Mb+ einai ena logiko poso. Einai dynato na egkatasthsete kai me ligotero alla 8a xreiastei na kanete kapoies 8ysies, kai den moy aresei pote na arxizw etsi. Parola ayta, 8a prospa8hsw na ypodeijw ta shmeia ekeina sta opoia mporei na eley8erw8ei xwros. · 32Mb+ Ram 3erw pws akougetai mallon polu, eidikotera gia ta metra toy Linux, alla na 8ymaste pws h Oracle einai ena sun8eto kommati logismikou. Den 8a eixate tis idies epifylajeis ean eixate SCO! Den isxyrizomai pws h Oracle den doyleuei me ligotero, apla lew pws ean einai ligotero apo oti h Oracle synista kai den 8a to proteina. · ˘adeies apo thn Oracle 3erw pws to exw hdh anaferei, alla 8elw na eimai jeka8aros pws ayto to 8ema einai shmantiko. Xrhsh logismikou ths Oracle xwris adeia einai paranomh. 1.6. Mellontikes Beltiwseis Aytoi einai oi tomeis toy Oracle server poy den kaluptontai se ayto to HOWTO. Parola ayta, an o xronos to epitrecei, 8a epixeirhsw na toys balw se epomenes ekdoseis toy HOWTO. · Anaptyjh programmatwn Oracle Pro* xrhsimopoiwntas biblio8hkes ths Oracle. · Egkatastash diaforetikwn ekdosewn toy Oracle server. · Egkatastash toy Oracle Web Server. · Pws na kanete relink ton Pyrhna ths Oracle. 2. Egkatastash toy logismikou ths Oracle 2.1. Proetoimasia toy Server 2.1.1. Dhmioyrgia enos xrhsth Oracle Opws einai logiko xreiazomaste enan xrhsth na krataei thn bash dedomenwn ths Oracle. Mia poy den epi8ymoume na kanoyme relink ton pyrhna ths Oracle (perissotera gia ayto argotera) 8a prepei na apodextoume tis proka8orismenes parametroys ths Oracle gia to onoma toy xrhsth kai to onoma toy group. Aytes symperilambanoyn ton xrhsth ORACLE kai to group DBA. 1. Synde8eite ws Root 2. Dhmioyrgeiste to xrhsth oracle kai to group dba. ______________________________________________________________________ $ groupadd dba $ useradd oracle ______________________________________________________________________ 3. Bebaiw8eite pws ena home directory dhmioyrgeitai gia ton xrhsth oracle. ______________________________________________________________________ $ mkdir /home/oracle $ mkdir /home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0 (Version of Oracle) $ chown -R oracle.dba /home/oracle ______________________________________________________________________ 2.2. Egkatastash apo CDROM Dystyxws o Oracle Installer apo to diskaki toy SCO den 8a doylecei. Mporei na antimetwpisete plh8wra problhmatwn, apo core dumps mexri kremasma. San apotelesma, xreiazetai na antigracoyme ta arxeia apo to CDROM xeirwnaktika kai na ta aposympiesoyme: (Bebaiw8eite pws to CDROM einai prosarthmeno (mounted) sto susthma). 1. Synde8eite san Oracle 2. Allajte directory se /home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0. 3. Antigracte ola ta arxeia egkatastashs apo to CDROM ______________________________________________________________________ $ cp -a /mnt/cdrom/* . ______________________________________________________________________ 4. Aposympieste ola ta arxeia ths Oracle apo to CDROM. ______________________________________________________________________ $ find . -name *_ -exec ~/7.3.3.0.0/orainst/oiuncomp {} \; ______________________________________________________________________ 2.3. Ergasies meta thn Egkatastash 2.3.1. Ergasies gia ton Root Pros8este tis epomenes grammes sto /etc/profile h sto .profile gia ka8e xrhsth poy prokeitai na xrhsimopoihsei thn Oracle. ______________________________________________________________________ # Oracle Specific ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0 ORACLE_SID=orcl ORACLE_TERM=vt100 export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM # Alter path for Oracle PATH="$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin" ______________________________________________________________________ Epishs xreiazetai na allajoyme ton idiokthth kai ta pronomia xrhshs ths boh8htikhs efarmoghs ths Oracle ulimit increase. ______________________________________________________________________ $ chown root.root $ORACLE_HOME/bin/osh $ chmod u+s $ORACLE_HOME/bin/osh ______________________________________________________________________ 2.3.2. Ergasies gia ton Oracle Allajte ta pronomia xrhshs twn arxeiwn ths Oracle gia na ejasfalisete thn swsth leitoyrgia. ______________________________________________________________________ $ chmod +x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/* $ chmod u+s $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle ______________________________________________________________________ Ta ergaleia ths Oracle apaitoun ta mhnumata na kratountai sto directory$ORACLE_HOME/tool_name/mesg. Etsi, metakinhste ta arxeia msb apo ta directories msg_ship sta directories mesg . ______________________________________________________________________ $ mv $ORACLE_HOME/plsql/mesg/mesg_ship/* $ORACLE_HOME/plsql/mesg/. $ mv $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/mesg_ship/* $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/. $ mv $ORACLE_HOME/svrmgr/mesg/mesg_ship/* $ORACLE_HOME/svrmgr/mesg/. ______________________________________________________________________ Dhmioyrgeiste ta akoloy8a directories an den yparxoyn: ______________________________________________________________________ $ mkdir $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/log $ mkdir $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/audit $ mkdir $ORACLE_HOME/network/log ______________________________________________________________________ 2.3.3. Pragmata poy mporeite na apomakrunete: Ta parakatw directories mporoun na apomakryn8oun me asfaleia: · $ORACLE_HOME/guicommon2/ · $ORACLE_HOME/ctx/ · $ORACLE_HOME/md/ · $ORACLE_HOME/mlx/ · $ORACLE_HOME/precomp/ · $ORACLE_HOME/slax/ 3. Dhmioyrgia mias Bashs Dedomenwn Twra, o Oracle server einai egkatesthmenos kai xreiazetai na dhmioyrghsoyme mia bash dedomenwn gia na elegjoyme thn egkatastash. 3.1. Dhmioyrgia toy Arxeioy Arxikopoihshs Antigracte to arxeio $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init.ora sto $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora: ______________________________________________________________________ $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs $ cp init.ora initorcl.ora ______________________________________________________________________ Tropopoihste to, pros8etontas tis akoloy8es grammes: ______________________________________________________________________ db_name = orcl COMPATIBLE=7.3.3.0.0 ______________________________________________________________________ 3.2. Dhmioyrghste to Script Egkatastashs Bashs Dedomenwn Dhmioyrghste ena arxeio script poy na legetai makedb.sql sto $ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory: ______________________________________________________________________ connect internal startup nomount set echo on spool makedb.log create database orcl maxinstances 1 maxlogfiles 8 datafile '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orcl_syst_01.dbf' size 40M reuse logfile '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orcl_redo_01.dbf' size 1M reuse, '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orcl_redo_02.dbf' size 1M reuse, '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orcl_redo_03.dbf' size 1M reuse; @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql create tablespace rollback datafile '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orcl_roll_01.dbf' size 8.5M reuse; create tablespace temporary datafile '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orcl_temp_01.dbf' size 5M reuse temporary; create tablespace users datafile '$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orcl_user_01.dbf' size 10M reuse; create rollback segment r1 tablespace rollback storage ( optimal 5M ); alter rollback segment r1 online; connect system/manager @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catdbsyn.sql connect internal @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql connect system/manager @$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql spool off exit ______________________________________________________________________ 3.3. Ektelesh toy Script Egkatastashs Bashs Dedomenwn Arxiste to svrmgrl kai trejte to script: ______________________________________________________________________ $ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs $ svrmgrl Oracle Server Manager Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1994, 1995. All rights reserved. Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.3.0.0 - Production Release PL/SQL Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production SVRMGR> connect internal Connected. SVRMGR> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 4313312 bytes Fixed Size 41876 bytes Variable Size 4140364 bytes Database Buffers 122880 bytes Redo Buffers 8192 bytes SVRMGR> @makedb SVRMGR> exit Server Manager complete. ______________________________________________________________________ 3.4. Ekkinhsh ths Bashs Dedomenwn Arxika, xreiazetai na shkwsoyme thn bash dedomenwn me to xeri (8a to aytomatopoihsoyme sth synexeia). Gia na arxisoyme mia bash dedomenwn Oracle xreiazetai na dwsoyme thn entolh startup afou synde8oume mazi ths eswterika: ______________________________________________________________________ $ svrmgrl Oracle Server Manager Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1994, 1995. All rights reserved. Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.3.0.0 - Production Release PL/SQL Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production SVRMGR> connect internal Connected. SVRMGR> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 4313316 bytes Fixed Size 41876 bytes Variable Size 4140368 bytes Database Buffers 122880 bytes Redo Buffers 8192 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SVRMGR> exit Server Manager complete. ______________________________________________________________________ 3.5. Stamatwntas thn Bash Dedomenwn Ajizei na anafer8ei pws h epanekkinhsh enos Linux server xwris prwta to katebasma (shutting down) ths bashs dedomenwn ths Oracle, exei ena megalo kindyno na diabrwsei (corrupt) th bash dedomenwn. Etsi, prin dwsoyme thn entolh toy Linux shutdown,einai syneto na katebasoyme th bash dedomenwn: ______________________________________________________________________ $ svrmgrl Oracle Server Manager Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1994, 1995. All rights reserved. Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.3.0.0 - Production Release PL/SQL Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production SVRMGR> connect internal Connected. SVRMGR> shutdown Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SVRMGR> exit Server Manager complete. ______________________________________________________________________ 3.6. Dhmioyrgia enos Proka8orismenoy Xrhsth (Default User) H bash dedomenwn, opws dhmioyrgh8hke, exei dyo eidikous xrhstes poy dhmioyrgountai aytomata. Aytoi einai: ______________________________________________________________________ Username Password SYSTEM MANAGER SYS change_on_install ______________________________________________________________________ Aytoi oi xrhstes typika xrhsimopoiountai gia na kratan tis plhrofories toy data dictionary information gia th bash dedomenwn. Einai kalh idea na allajoyme ta passwords apo ta proka8orismena oso pio grhgora ginetai. Ayto mporei na kator8w8ei me: ______________________________________________________________________ sqlplus system/manager SQL*Plus: Release 3.3.3.0.0 - Production on Sat Feb 21 12:43:33 1998 Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1979, 1996. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.3.0.0 - Production Release SQL> alter user system identified by ; User altered. SQL> alter user sys identified by ; User altered. SQL> exit; Disconnected from Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.3.0.0 - Production Release PL/SQL Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production ______________________________________________________________________ Mia poy o xrhsths system/manager einai paromoios me to na xrhsimopoieis root se mia mhxanh UNIX, xreiazetai na dhmioyrghsoyme ena xrhsth me ligoteres dynatothtes na blacei to susthma. (8ymh8eite na shkwsete thn bash dedomenwn prin epixeirhsete na dhmioyrghsete ena xrhsth) Synde8eite sto SQL*Plus kai dhmioyrghste ena xrhsth: ______________________________________________________________________ $ sqlplus system/manager SQL*Plus: Release 3.3.3.0.0 - Production on Sat Feb 21 12:43:33 1998 Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1979, 1996. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.3.0.0 - Production Release PL/SQL Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production SQL> create user identified by 2 default tablespace users 3 temporary tablespace temp; User created. SQL> grant connect, resource to Grant succeeded. SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle7 Server Release 7.3.3.0.0 - Production Release PL/SQL Release 2.3.3.0.0 - Production ______________________________________________________________________ Twra poy exete ena neo xrhsth sto susthma, mporeite na paijete me to neo susthma. Gia na synde8eite me thn bash dedomenwn ths Oracle: ______________________________________________________________________ $ sqlplus / ______________________________________________________________________ Ean ayto oloklhrwnetai xwris mhnumata la8oys exete mia bash Oracle poy doyleuei. An den 8elete na syndeeste sth bash ayth apo poy8ena plhn aytou toy Server, tote h doyleia teleiwse, apolauste thn! An, parola ayta, opws kai oi perissoteroi an8rwpoi 8elete na ry8misete to logismiko diktuwshs, wste na mporeite na syndeeste kai apo alles mhxanes, synexiste to diabasma. 4. Ry8miste to SQL*Net toy Server Ola ayta ta arxeia ry8mizoyn to logismiko diktuwshs ths Oracle (SQL*Net, twra Net8 for Oracle8). Ayta ta arxeia 8a prepei na exoyn hdh dhmioyrgh8ei sto server sto $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin directory. 4.1. tnsnames.ora To arxeio TNSNAMES.ORA anagnwrizei tis dia8esimes yphresies ths mhxanhs. Sto stigmiotypo (instance) mas 8a perigracoyme oles tis baseis dedomenwn poy o server exei proskollhmenes. Gia ka8e ena stigmiotypo ths Bashs Dedomenwn (database instance) toy server sas, pros8este ena tmhma san to parakatw: ______________________________________________________________________ orcl.world = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (COMMUNITY = tcp.world) (PROTOCOL = TCP) (Host = ) (Port = 1521) ) (ADDRESS = (COMMUNITY = tcp.world) (PROTOCOL = TCP) (Host = ) (Port = 1526) ) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = ORCL) ) ) ______________________________________________________________________ 4.2. listener.ora To arxeio listener.ora periexei tis perigrafes twn yphresiwn mas poy alles mhxanes epitrepetai na synde8oun me aytes, ka8ws kai opoiadhpote ru8mish poy apaiteitai apo ton listener toy server. Periexei tmhma gia to onoma kai th dieu8ynsh toy listener, tis baseis dedomenwn poy ejyphretountai apo ton listener, ka8ws kai parametroys ru8mishs. Na ena paradeigma: ______________________________________________________________________ # Name of listener and addresses to listen on LISTENER = ( ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL=tcp) (HOST=) (PORT=1521) (COMMUNITY=UK_SUP_TCPIP) ) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL=ipc) (KEY=700) (COMMUNITY=UK_SUP_TCPIP) ) ) # List of services served by this listener SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=orcl) (ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0) ) ) # Start of configuration parameters. TRACE_LEVEL_LISTENER=OFF TRACE_FILE_LISTENER = "listener" LOG_FILE_LISTENER = "listener" CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER = 10 STOP_LISTENER = YES DBA_GROUP = dba ______________________________________________________________________ 4.3. sqlnet.ora To arxeio sqlnet.ora periexei ry8miseis gia enan sygkekrimeno kombo toy diktuoy. Ayto einai anejarthto toy ari8mou twn basewn h toy ari8mou twn listeners. To pio shmantiko pragma sto arxeio ayto einai h metablhth ry8misewn Dead Connection Timeout. H Dead connection timeout elegxei ka8e eiserxomenh diergasia (process) pros ena stigmiotypo mias bashs dedomenwn kai bebaiwnei pws to meros toy pelath (client) antapokrinetai akoma. An o pelaths (anejarthtws tupoy) den antapokrinetai tote h Oracle server shadow process skotwnetai (kill). Ayto einai polu xrhsimo Ean exete pollous pelates poy kanoyn prosbash sth bash dedomenwn, eidika se fash anaptyjhs opoy aytoi oi pelates einai pi8ano na apotygxanoyn na bgoyn omala (exit cleanly) apo thn B.D. ths Oracle. Parakatw einai ena antigrafo toy arxeioy moy sqlnet.ora gia na xrhsimopoihsete: ______________________________________________________________________ TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT = OFF sqlnet.expire_time = 30 # The number of seconds between client checks. names.default_domain = world name.default_zone = world ______________________________________________________________________ 4.4. Ekkinhsh kai Termatismos twn Listeners Twra poy oi ry8miseis twn listeners kai toy SQL*Net oloklhrw8hkan, mporoume na epixeirhsoyme na synde8oume sth bash, xrhsimopoiwntas to logismiko diktuwshs. (Prin, syndeomastan me apey8eias sundesh sth bash, enw edw prosomoiwnoyme mia sundesh apo mia apomakrysmenh mhxanh pelath) Gia na arxisoyme ton listener me tis parapanw ry8miseis: ______________________________________________________________________ $ lsnrctl LSNRCTL for SCO System V/386: Version 2.3.3.0.0 - Production on 23-FEB-98 20:38:25 Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1994. All rights reserved. Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information. LSNRCTL> start Starting /home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for SCO System V/386: Version 2.3.3.0.0 - Production System parameter file is /home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0/network/log/listener.log Listening on: (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(DEV=6)(HOST=192.168.1.1)(PORT=1521)) Listening on: (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(DEV=10)(KEY=700)) Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=magic.com)(PORT=1521)(COMMUNITY=UK_SUP_TCPIP)) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for SCO System V/386: Version 2.3.3.0.0 - Production Start Date 23-FEB-98 20:38:50 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security OFF SNMP ON Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0/network/log/listener.log Services Summary... orcl has 1 service handler(s) The command completed successfully LSNRCTL> exit ______________________________________________________________________ Gia na termatisoyme toys listeners: ______________________________________________________________________ $ lsnrctl LSNRCTL for SCO System V/386: Version 2.3.3.0.0 - Production on 23-FEB-98 20:43:20 Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1994. All rights reserved. Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information. LSNRCTL> stop Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=magic.com)(PORT=1521)(COMMUNITY=UK_SUP_TCPIP)) The command completed successfully LSNRCTL> exit ______________________________________________________________________ An exete mia sthsei ena DNS poy den epistrefei th dieu8ynsh IP gia to hostname poy dhlwsate, h enarjh kai o termatismos toy listener mporei na parei kapoia wra (2-3 lepta. ejartwmeno apo thn timh metablhths toy xronoy lhjhs toy DNS). An ayto symbainei, mhn anhsyxeite, exete ypomonh. 5. Ry8miseis Pelath (Client) 5.1. Pelates Windows H ru8mish toy SQL*Net se PC xrhsimopoiwntas tis nees ekdoseis toy logismikou Oracle Client einai polu eukolh. O kaluteros (kai eykoloteros) tropos na epiteyx8ei mia plhrws leitoyrgikh egkatastash enos pelath, einai na xrhsimopoih8ei to ergaleio SQL*Net Easy Configuration poy parexetai apo thn Oracle. To ergaleio ayto exei ena interface aytomatopoihmenoy programmatos (wizard) gia na sas perasei apo thn egkatastash twn arxeiwn tnsnames.ora kai sqlnet.ora. Dialejte "Add Database Alias" kai balte ena onoma gia to ceydwnymo (alias) ths bashs otan erwth8eite when prompted. Ayto to ceydwnymo einai to onoma me to opoio 8a anafereste sto stigmiotypo ths bashs, kai san tetoio 8a prepei na einai idio me to onoma toy stigmiotypoy (orcl sthn periptwsh mas). Dwste to TCP/IP ws prwtokollo, kai otan erwth8eite, dwste to hostname ths mhxanhs poy filojenei th B.D. kai to onoma toy stigmiotypoy ths bashs dedomenwn. Ayto htan. Parola ayta, an den exete to ergaleio SQL*Net Easy Configuration mhn anhsyxeite. Mporeite apla na dhmioyrghsete ta arxeia tnsnames.ora kai sqlnet.ora files sto $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin directory toy pelath, akribws opws einai sto server. Ayto 8a sas parexei ena ceydwnymo idio me to onoma ston server (poy etsi kai alliws apotelei panta mia kalh taktikh). 5.2. Pelates Unix Oi pelates UNIX den einai polu diaforetikoi apo toys pelates windows. An exete to Network Manager ths Oracle tote xrhsimopoihste to me ton idio tropo opws parapanw. An oxi, pali mporeite na xrhsimopoihsete apla ta idia arxeia ry8misewn toy server sto $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin directory. 6. Aytomato Anebasma (Startup) kai Katebasma (Shutdown) 6.1. dbstart & dbstop To aytomato anebasma (Startup) kai katebasma (Shutdown) ths bashs dedomenwn Oracle mporei na epiteyx8ei (sthn 7.3.3.0.0) me ta arxeia dbstart kaidbshut, poy kai ta dyo parexontai apo thn Oracle. Ayta ta arxeia basizontai sthn uparjh toy arxeioy /etc/oratab gia na doylecoyn (an kai allazontas ta arxeia dbshut kai dbstart ayto mporei na metafer8ei). To format toy arxeioy /etc/oratab einai ws akolou8ws: ______________________________________________________________________ SID:ORACLE_HOME:AUTO ______________________________________________________________________ Ena paradeigma: ______________________________________________________________________ orcl:/home/oracle/7.3.3.0.0:Y leaveup:/home/oracle/7.3.2.1.0:N ______________________________________________________________________ 6.2. init.d & rc.d Gia na ekkinhsete kai stamathsete th bash dedomenwn otan to mhxanhma anebainei kai katebainei mporeite na allajete tis roytines ekkinhshs ths Linux mhxanhs sas. Einai arketa eukolo, an kai 8a h8ela na shmeiwsw edw, pws mporei na diaferei analoga me thn ekdosh Linux (slackware, debian, redhat, etc). 8a deijw paradeigmata poy doyleuoyn gia to Redhat Linux 5.0. Gia na ta tropopoihsete analoga, gia th dikia sas ekdosh toy Linux, diabaste thn tekmhriwsh toy Linux sas. (Parolo poy 8a prepei na stekei gia ka8e UNIX tupoy Sys V). Prwta, xreiazetai na dhmioyrghsoyme to script poy 8a trexei tis dbshut kai dbstart sto directory /etc/rc.d/init.d. Dhmioyrghste to akoloy8o arxeio ws /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle: ______________________________________________________________________ #!/bin/sh # # /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle # Description: Starts and stops the Oracle database and listeners # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting Oracle Databases: " echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle date +"! %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle su - oracle -c dbstart >> /var/log/oracle echo "Done." echo -n "Starting Oracle Listeners: " su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" >> /var/log/oracle echo "Done." echo "" echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle date +"! %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle ;; stop) echo -n "Shutting Down Oracle Listeners: " echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle date +"! %T %a %D : Shutting Down Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle su - oracle -c "lsnrctl stop" >> /var/log/oracle echo "Done." rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle echo -n "Shutting Down Oracle Databases: " su - oracle -c dbshut >> /var/log/oracle echo "Done." echo "" echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle date +"! %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle ;; restart) echo -n "Restarting Oracle Databases: " echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle date +"! %T %a %D : Restarting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle su - oracle -c dbstop >> /var/log/oracle su - oracle -c dbstart >> /var/log/oracle echo "Done." echo -n "Restarting Oracle Listeners: " su - oracle -c "lsnrctl stop" >> /var/log/oracle su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" >> /var/log/oracle echo "Done." echo "" echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle date +"! %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle echo "----------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle ;; *) echo "Usage: oracle {start|stop|restart}" exit 1 esac ______________________________________________________________________ Ajizei na elegx8ei pws to arxeio stamataei kai arxizei th bash pragmatika swsta, sto susthma sas. Koitajte to arxeio mhnymatwn (log file), /var/log/oracle gia mhnumata la8oys. Afou to script ayto doyleuei, xreiazetai na dhmioyrghsoyme symbolikes enwseis (symbolic links) start kai kill sta antistoixa runlevel directories /etc/rc.d/rcX.d. Oi epomenes entoles 8a ejasfalisoyn pws oi baseis dedomenwn 8a aneboyn sta runlevels 2,3 and 4: ______________________________________________________________________ $ ln -s ../init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/S99oracle $ ln -s ../init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S99oracle $ ln -s ../init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/S99oracle ______________________________________________________________________ Gia na stamathsete tis baseis dedomenwn se epanekkinhsh 8a xreiastoume ta akoloy8a links: ______________________________________________________________________ $ ln -s ../init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc0.d/K01oracle # Halting $ ln -s ../init.d/oracle /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/K01oracle # Rebooting ______________________________________________________________________ 7. Alla pragmatakia 7.1. Intelligent Agent An exete anagkh gia ton Oracle Intelligent Agent, brhka pws mporeite na ton trejete xwris allages ry8misewn. Gia na arxisete ton IA dokimaste: ______________________________________________________________________ $ lsnrctl dbsnmp_start ______________________________________________________________________ Gia na stamathsete ton IA dokimaste: ______________________________________________________________________ $ lsnrctl dbsnmp_stop ______________________________________________________________________ Den fainetai na yparxoyn mhnumata poy na deixnoyn thn epityxhmenh h mh arxh h termatismo toy intelligent agent. Parola ayta, o IA apanthse ston Enterprise manager sthn pleyra toy client kai etsi mporw na ypo8esw pws doyleuei 8. Eyxaristies / Anagnwriseis To keimeno basisthke se ena keimeno toy Bob Withers, bwit@pobox.com. Epipleon plhrofories par8hkan apo keimena poy grafthkan apo toys Georg Rehfeld, rehfeld@wmd.de kai David Mansfield, david@claremont.com. Diabasma kai elegxos toy keimenoy egine apo toys Bob Withers, Mark Watling, mwatling@mjw-ltd.demon.co.uk, Peter Sodhi, petersodhi@unn.unisys.com kai Greg Hankins, greg.hankins@cc.gatech.edu. Oi eyxaristies moy sthn tromerh yposthrijh apo toys an8rwpoy poy anamix8hkan se ayto to keimeno kai sthn ereyna poy egine se ayto Eidikes eyxaristies ston Bob Withers kai ton Mark Watling gia ta epipleon sxolia kai boh8eia poy proseferan. 9. Peri ths Ellhnikhs Metafrashs Gia sxolia, parathrhseis, dior8wseis, enhmerwseis peri ths Ellhnikhs metafrashs aytou toy HOWTO, steilte email sthn Boula Sanida : voulariba@hellug.gr h ston Eyripidh Papakwsta : evris@hellug.gr kai enallaktika : ep@rocketmail.com